A newborn or baby is
the very young offspring of
a human or other mammal. A newborn is
an infant who is within hours, days, or up to a few weeks from birth. In medical
contexts, newborn orneonate (from
Latin, neonatus, newborn)
refers to an infant in the first 28 days after birth. The
term "newborn" includes premature infants,
postmature infants and full
term newborns. The term infant is
derived from the Latin word infans,
meaning "unable to speak" or "speechless." It is typically applied to children
between the ages of 1 month and 12 months; however, definitions vary between
birth and 3 years of age. "Infant" is also a legal term referring to any child
under the age of legal adulthood.
The human development stage before infancy is described as pre-natal or fetus.
Infants cry as a form of basic instinctive communication. A crying newborn or infant may be
trying to express a variety of feelings including hunger, discomfort, overstimulation, boredom, wanting something, or loneliness.
Breastfeeding is the recommended
method of feeding by all major infant health organizations. If
breastfeeding is not possible or desired, bottle feeding is done with expressed
breast-milk or with infant
formula. Infants are born with a sucking reflex allowing them to extract the
milk from the nipples of
the breasts or the nipple of the baby
bottle, as well as an instinctive behavior known as rooting with
which they seek out the nipple. Sometimes a wet
nurse is hired to feed the
infant, although this is rare, especially in developed countries.
As infants grow, food supplements are added. Many parents choose commercial,
ready-made baby
foods to supplement breast milk
or formula for the child, while others adapt their usual meals for the dietary
needs of their child. Whole cow's milk can
be used at one year, but lower-fat milk should not be provided until the child
is 2 to 3 years old. Weaning is the feeding stage for older infants almost
toddlers. It is a process where solid foods are introduced into the diet and is
slowly replaced in exchange of milk. Until
they are toilet-trained, infants in industrialized countries wear diapers.
Children need more sleep than adults—up to 18 hours for newborns, with a
declining rate as the child ages. Until babies learn to walk, they are carried
in the arms, held in slings or baby carriers, or transported in baby carriages
or strollers. Most industrialized countries have laws requiring child
safety seats for infants in motor
vehicles.
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* Information Source - Wikipedia www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newborn